What is the North Dakota HCBS Waiver and the QSP model?
North Dakota pays family caregivers through Medicaid using a system built around Qualified Service Providers (QSPs). A QSP is an individual or agency that has met the state competency standards, enrolled with North Dakota Health and Human Services (HHS), and is authorized to deliver home and community based services (HCBS) and get paid for them. The person receiving care chooses which qualified provider delivers their services - and that provider can be a family member.
There are two main Medicaid doors to this. The first is the Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) Waiver for Aged and Disabled adults, which lets people who would otherwise need a nursing home stay in their own community. The second is Medicaid State Plan Personal Care Services (MSP-PC), an entitlement (no waiting list) that covers hands-on personal care. Under both, a friend or relative can enroll as an individual QSP and be paid to provide care - but the two paths treat spouses differently, which is the single most important detail for most families.
The waiver includes a special benefit called Family Personal Care (FPC). This is what makes North Dakota unusual: it allows a family member - including, in some cases, a spouse, an adult child, or an adult grandchild who lives with the participant - to be paid to provide that care. The member must be pre-approved by their HCBS case manager, and the provider and the person receiving care must live in the same household. Family Home Care (FHC) works similarly. These family-specific services are billed through the state MMIS system rather than the usual service-authorization workflow.
North Dakota does not hand the participant a cash budget to set their own wages, so this is not a fully "self-directed" program in the budget-authority sense. Instead, the state sets reimbursement rates on its HCBS fee schedule, the case manager authorizes a plan of care and a number of service units, and the participant directs who provides the care. The QSP checks in and out using Electronic Visit Verification (EVV), bills for authorized units, and is paid by direct deposit.
North Dakota HCBS Waiver eligibility requirements
Eligibility runs on the person receiving care, not the caregiver. The member must qualify for North Dakota Medicaid, meet a level-of-care standard, and have an assessed need for help. The family member who becomes the paid QSP does not need to meet income or asset limits.
Who can - and cannot - be paid in North Dakota
North Dakota is more generous than most states about family caregivers, but the rules depend on which program you use. The waiver Family Personal Care benefit can include a spouse; the plain state-plan personal care option cannot.
- Adult children and adult grandchildren of the member (a common QSP arrangement)
- A spouse - through the HCBS Waiver Family Personal Care benefit, if the spouse lives with the member and the case manager pre-approves (North Dakota is one of only a few states that allow this)
- Siblings, nieces, nephews, aunts, uncles, in-laws, and other relatives
- Close friends and neighbors who enroll and meet QSP competency standards
- Legally responsible caregivers (including some spouses and parents) through the separate Family Paid Caregiver Pilot, for members on certain 1915(c) waivers
- A spouse being paid under the Medicaid State Plan Personal Care (MSP-PC) option - spouses are excluded there
- A legal guardian being paid under the MSP-PC option - guardians are excluded there too
- Anyone who does not enroll as a Qualified Service Provider and meet the state competency standards
- A family provider who does not live with the member, when using the Family Personal Care / Family Home Care benefit
North Dakota QSP pay, hours, and how you get paid
Pay is set by the state HCBS fee schedule, not negotiated between the member and caregiver. The number of hours you can bill is capped by the units the case manager authorizes in the plan of care.
Hourly pay
North Dakota does not publish a single headline "family caregiver wage." QSPs are paid from the state Home and Community Based Services fee schedule, which is updated periodically and varies by service code (personal care, homemaker, family personal care, and so on). In practice, North Dakota home-care and QSP pay in 2026 tends to land in roughly the $14 to $19 per hour range, in line with the state private-caregiver market (statewide averages hover around $16 to $17 per hour). Because QSPs are self-employed independent contractors - not employees - HHS does not withhold taxes; you are responsible for your own federal and state taxes and receive an IRS Form 1099 if you are paid more than $600 in a year. Payment is by required direct deposit.
Hours and scheduling
Hours depend on the assessed plan of care. Under Medicaid State Plan Personal Care, service is tiered - roughly Level A up to 120 hours per month, Level B up to 240 hours per month, and Level C up to 300 hours per month, based on need. Waiver hours are set individually by the case manager. Most services are billed in 15-minute units, and you must actually deliver at least 8 minutes of service before you can bill the first 15-minute unit. Care can only be billed for time the member is home and present.
Overtime rules
Because QSPs are self-employed independent contractors rather than hourly W-2 employees, traditional time-and-a-half overtime does not apply the way it would at an agency. What limits your pay instead is the number of service units the case manager has authorized - you cannot bill more units than are approved, and you cannot bill for two people or two services at the same moment. If you provide care to more than one member, each has a separate service authorization.
How to apply for the North Dakota HCBS Waiver and become a QSP
- Confirm the person receiving care has (or is applying for) North Dakota Medicaid. Apply online at hhs.nd.gov/applyforhelp or through your local Human Service Zone office. For help, call the Aging and Disability Resource Link (ADRL) at 1-855-462-5465 or the free Navigator line at 1-800-233-1737.
- Ask for a functional assessment and a plan of care.
- Request the HCBS Waiver (Aged and Disabled) or Medicaid State Plan Personal Care
- A case manager or nurse assesses ADL and IADL needs
- For the waiver, the member must meet Nursing Facility Level of Care
- The plan of care sets the authorized services and units
- Tell your case manager you want a family member to be your paid provider, and ask specifically about Family Personal Care (FPC) or Family Home Care (FHC) if you want a spouse or a live-in relative to be paid. The case manager must pre-approve the family-care arrangement.
- Have the caregiver enroll as a Qualified Service Provider (QSP).
- Start the enrollment at the ND QSP portal (ndhousingstability.servicenowservices.com/nd_qsp)
- Complete the correct handbook and forms (Individual, or Family Personal Care)
- Meet competency standards and any background-check requirements
- Get free help from the QSP Hub at (701) 777-3432 or info@ndqsphub.org
- Set up billing and Electronic Visit Verification (EVV). Once the member is assigned to the new QSP, HHS creates a Therap account and the caregiver is trained on checking in and out. Family Personal Care and Family Home Care claims are submitted through the ND MMIS Health Enterprise Web Portal. Set up required direct deposit before the first billing cycle.
- Submit claims for authorized units each period and keep records. Individual QSPs must keep service records for 42 months. Check payment status on the Automated Payment Line at 1-866-768-2435. For general Medicaid or program questions, call ND HHS at 1-800-755-2604.
North Dakota HCBS Waiver frequently asked questions
Can my spouse be paid to care for me in North Dakota?
It depends on which program you use, and North Dakota is unusually flexible here. Under the Medicaid HCBS Waiver for Aged and Disabled adults, the Family Personal Care benefit can allow a spouse to be paid - as long as the spouse lives in the same household and the HCBS case manager pre-approves the arrangement. North Dakota is one of only a handful of states that permit paying a spouse at all, so this is a real advantage. However, under the plain Medicaid State Plan Personal Care (MSP-PC) option, a spouse or a legal guardian cannot be paid; there, other relatives and friends can enroll as Qualified Service Providers, but not the spouse. If your goal is specifically to pay a husband or wife, tell the case manager up front and ask for the waiver Family Personal Care benefit by name. There is also a separate Family Paid Caregiver Pilot that can pay legally responsible caregivers, including some spouses, on certain other waivers.
How much does North Dakota pay a family caregiver in 2026?
North Dakota sets caregiver pay through its state Home and Community Based Services fee schedule rather than letting families negotiate a wage, and the exact amount depends on the service code (personal care, homemaker, family personal care, and so on). The state does not publish a single headline family-caregiver rate, but in 2026 QSP and home-care pay in North Dakota generally falls in roughly the $14 to $19 per hour range, tracking the statewide private-caregiver market that averages around $16 to $17 per hour. Because QSPs are self-employed independent contractors and not employees, no taxes are withheld from your payments - you handle your own federal and state taxes and receive an IRS Form 1099 if you earn more than $600 in a year. Payment is made by required direct deposit. For the exact current rate for your service, ask your HCBS case manager or the QSP Hub, or check the HCBS fee schedule on the ND HHS website.
How long does it take to get approved?
Plan for a couple of months from start to finish. The North Dakota Medicaid application itself can take up to about three months, and federal rules generally allow up to 45 days to decide a standard application (up to 90 days when a disability determination is involved). On top of that, you need the functional assessment and plan of care, and the caregiver needs to complete QSP enrollment, which includes meeting competency standards and setting up Therap and Electronic Visit Verification. The HCBS Waiver also has a limited number of slots and can carry a waiting list, so timing there is less predictable than the Medicaid State Plan Personal Care option, which is an entitlement with no waitlist. You can speed things up by gathering documents early: proof of North Dakota residency, identification, Social Security information, and proof of income and assets. Starting the caregiver QSP enrollment in parallel with the Medicaid application can also save weeks.
What training or certification does a caregiver need?
To be paid, a family member must enroll as a Qualified Service Provider and meet the state competency standards for the services they will provide - but for basic personal care and homemaker services, you generally do not need to be a licensed nurse or a certified nursing assistant. The North Dakota QSP Hub provides free support, educational tools, and training to walk you through enrollment, documentation, billing, and the Therap Electronic Visit Verification system. If you do hold a CNA certificate or an LPN or RN license and it is tied to your QSP status, that credential must stay current or your ability to bill can be suspended. Background-check and enrollment requirements apply. The practical steps are: complete the QSP application and the correct handbook and forms, get assigned to your family member by the case manager, complete Therap onboarding, and set up direct deposit. The QSP Hub can be reached at (701) 777-3432 or info@ndqsphub.org.
What is the difference between the HCBS Waiver and Medicaid State Plan Personal Care?
Both are North Dakota Medicaid programs that can pay a family member as a Qualified Service Provider, but they work differently. The HCBS Waiver for Aged and Disabled adults is for people who need a Nursing Facility Level of Care and want to stay in their community instead of a nursing home; it offers extra services, including the Family Personal Care and Family Home Care benefits that can pay a spouse or a live-in relative. The trade-off is that the waiver has a limited number of slots and may carry a waiting list. Medicaid State Plan Personal Care (MSP-PC) is an entitlement, meaning there is no waitlist and everyone who qualifies gets it, and it covers hands-on personal care in tiered hour levels. But MSP-PC does not let a spouse or legal guardian be the paid provider. Many families start with whichever they can access fastest and ask the case manager which one best fits their situation.
Can a family member get paid to care for a child with disabilities in North Dakota?
Yes, through a separate route. North Dakota runs a Family Paid Caregiver Pilot Program that pays legally responsible individuals - which can include a parent or a spouse - to provide extraordinary care to a household member enrolled in certain Medicaid 1915(c) waivers, such as the Autism Spectrum Disorder waiver, the Children with Medically Fragile Needs waiver, the Children's Hospice waiver, and the traditional Intellectual Disabilities and Developmental Disabilities waiver. This program pays a set daily rate rather than an hourly QSP rate - reported at roughly $77.45 per day for extraordinary care of a child under 18 and about $154.89 per day for an adult, with legislation extending the pilot and increasing the rate. You apply through the online Family Paid Caregiver Portal at familycaregiver.hhs.nd.gov, then complete an assessment. This is distinct from the Aged and Disabled HCBS Waiver and QSP model, so the eligibility and pay rules are different.
Does the caregiver or the person receiving care have to meet income limits?
Only the person receiving care has to meet Medicaid income and asset limits - the family member who becomes the paid caregiver does not. For 2026, North Dakota's institutional and waiver Medicaid generally allows a single applicant monthly income around $1,197 and countable assets around $3,000, though a non-applicant spouse can keep substantially more income and assets (a Community Spouse Resource Allowance up to roughly $162,660). The primary home is usually exempt if home equity is under about $752,000. These numbers change every year and there are spend-down and planning options if the member is slightly over the limit, so it is worth confirming current figures with your Human Service Zone or a Medicaid planning professional. The caregiver's own income, savings, and household finances are not part of the member's eligibility test. What the caregiver does need to do is enroll as a Qualified Service Provider and meet the competency standards.
How does the caregiver actually get paid, and how often?
Once the caregiver is enrolled as a Qualified Service Provider and assigned to the member, they check in and out for each visit using Electronic Visit Verification through the state's Therap system, then submit claims for the authorized service units. Family Personal Care and Family Home Care claims are submitted through the North Dakota MMIS Health Enterprise Web Portal. Payment is made by direct deposit to a checking or savings account, which is required for all QSPs - when you first set up direct deposit, allow up to two billing cycles before deposits begin, and you may receive paper checks in the meantime. Claims must be filed within 180 days of the date of service, and the state runs on a published payment schedule (the check-write calendar is online). You can check the status of your payments any time on the Automated Payment Line at 1-866-768-2435 using your QSP Medicaid ID number. Keep your service documentation - individual QSPs must retain records for 42 months.
See also: North Dakota caregiver guide
For all the ways to get paid to care for a family member in North Dakota — including ND HCBS Waiver, VA programs, long-term care insurance, and more — read the full North Dakota guide.